Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement - on the Shetland Islands, Scotland

Britain & Ireland's Historic Sites and Landmarks

Britain & Ireland A guide to their Historic Sites and Landmarks

Embark on a journey through the rich history of Britain and Ireland and discover their historic sites and landmarks. Explore natural wonders and man-made structures that have stood the test of time. Take in the magnificence of these sites and their breathtaking scenery, all while immersing yourself in the stories that have shaped these lands for millennia.

1 Stonehenge

Top Attraction
See it on our Tours

First built over 5,000 years ago, and taking an estimated 1,000 years to construct, experts are today still unsure of the exact reason why Stonehenge was built. While they know it was used as an astronomical clock, the time and effort afforded to its construction tells them there must have been something more meaningful to the Ancient Britons who placed it here. Around 3000 BC, the first stage of Stonehenge's existence was created. With 56 chalk pits, used to house cremated remains, laid out in a ring formation of over 330 feet in diameter. Some 500 years after this, the huge sarsen stones used as the iconic trilithons (the two large vertical stones, and the one horizontal stone they support) were put in place, having been somehow transported from over 20 miles away.

Stonehenge, England - as seen on our tours of Britain
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Today, close to the site of Stonehenge, you find the Stonehenge Visitor Centre. Here, you can get a detailed audiovisual breakdown of the site's development, as well as its solar alignments. There are also displays featuring items found at the site over the years, including antler picks (used to dig out pits)and arrowheads. Best of all, there's a 360-degree projection of Stonehenge, showing the changing of the seasons and the midsummer sunrise as seen from the inner circle of the site.

Insider Tips

The bus system, taking you from the Visitor Centre to the Stonehenge site, and back, can be very busy. You find it quicker though if you arrive before 11am, or after 2pm. This is especially true during the summer holidays, and other school holidays throughout the year.

Practical information

From the visitor centre, you are taken to the Stonehenge site by bus. this takes about 5 minutes, and buses are running to and from every 5 minutes or so. At the site, you have the opportunity to walk 360 degrees around its path. Once you get the bus back to the visitor centre, you can grab a coffee and a snack from the café, use the restroom and buy some Stonehenge-related trinkets from the gift shop.

Opening Hours

Stonehenge is open from 9.30am to 5:30pm daily. With last entry at 3.30

Admission fee

Prices of a ticket to Stonehenge range from £23.00 for an adult to £14.00 for a child.

2 The Roman Baths

Top Attraction
See it on our Tours

Forming the heart of the UNESCO World Heritage city of Bath, The Roman Baths have lured visitors to their warm waters for almost 3,000 years. In 863 BC, according to legend, Prince Bladud founded the city after his pigs were miraculously cured of leprosy from the mineral-rich mud of the hot springs. There is evidence of human settlements here dating as far back as 8,000 BC, but it was the Romans who turned the baths into a social haven during the 1st century AD.

The Roman Baths, Bath, England - as seen on our tours of Britain
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The Roman Baths today stand as a testament to the Roman architecture of the time, and one of the most popular historic sites in Britain. From the reception hall, where you can pick up your personal audioguide, you can make your way onto the terrace overlooking the Great Bath. The terrace is decorated with statues of Roman emperors and British noblemen dating from 1894. The Great Bath is a 5-foot-deep pool of hot spring water and is lined with 45 sheets of lead.

The Terrace and the Great Bath are just the tip of the iceberg though. The rest of the site extends below the modern-day streets and squares that surround it, and are a treasure trove of ancient Roman artefacts. A series of CGI reconstructions and projections show you how the baths would have looked during the peak of its popularity. As a haven for relaxation and leisure, the Romans even installed saunas, changing rooms and plunge pools that are still visible today.

For a exploration of Bath on foot, check out our our Bath City Walking Tour page.

Insider Tips

90 minutes to 2 hours will give you plenty of time to explore The Roman Baths in full. If you are only stopping in Bath City for a day, we would highly recommend setting aside a couple of hours to take a walk around. The golden Bath stone used on the majority of the city's buildings is a joy to behold — especially on a sunny day. And, while the hot spring water offered at the end of the tour isn't exactly refreshing, the ice cream from the numerous gelateria nearby certainly is!

Practical information

Photography is allowed in all sections of the baths, however, the use of tripods is not, as they can form an obstruction to other visitors. Some of the floors, especially around the Great Bath, are uneven and feature cobblestones. This may cause issues for people with mobility issues. 90% of the site is wheelchair accessible, and anyone accompanying a disabled visitor can join the tour for free.

Opening Hours

On weekdays, The Roman Baths are open from 10am to 6pm — with the last entry at 5pm.

On weekends, The Roman Baths are open from 9am to 6pm — with the last entry at 5pm.

The Roman Baths are closed completely on the 25th and 26th of December.

Admission fee

Prices of a ticket to The Roman Baths range from £18 for an adult to £10.50 for a child.

3 The Giant's Causeway

Top Attraction
See it on our Tours

According to Gaelic mythology, the causeway was built by the giant Fionn mac Cumhaill (Finn MacCool) so that he could reach Scotland and fight with his Scottish rival, Benandonner. As with all great rivalries, the outcome varies depending on whose version is being recounted.

More scientific data suggests that the spectacular formation is a result of an ancient volcanic fissure eruption around 50 to 60 million years ago. The 40,000 interlocking basalt columns were formed through the cooling and contracting of the resultant lava.

In 1693, the causeway began to enjoy international acclaim; Sir Richard Bulkeley, of Trinity College, mentioned the phenomenon in a paper presented to the Royal Society of London. In 1739, Susanna Drury really kick-started the global love affair with Giant's Causeway through her watercolour paintings, which were later engraved in 1743.

Giants Causeway - as seen on our tours of Northern Ireland
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One legendary status which is not disputed, though, is the Causeway's immense pulling power as a tourist destination, with 750,000 visitors making the trip annually. Here, tourists can enjoy not only the geological feature itself, but also the modern and impressive Giant's Causeway Visitor Experience.

Insider Tips

The walk to the Causeway itself can be a bit strenuous for those with lower mobility. Some stretches are steep and rocky. Sturdy shoes and some drinking water are recommended.

4 St. Paul's Cathedral

Top Attraction
Religion & Spirituality

The iconic dome of St Paul's Cathedral has graced the London skyline since 1710. The site was once a pagan place of worship and has been a religious sanctuary for over 1,400 years. The structure we see today has survived the Blitz's Luftwaffe of World War II, and, before London's skyscraper boom of recent years, it stood as the tallest building in the city until 1963.

An earlier version of St Paul's Cathedral was destroyed by the Great Fire of London in 1666. And, under the guidance of one of the world's most revered architects, Sir Christopher Wren, the cathedral was rebuilt to its current glory. In 1981, St Paul's Cathedral was the location for the wedding of Charles, the Prince of Wales to Lady Diana Spencer.

St. Paul's Cathedral, London
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The highlight of a tour of St Paul's Cathedral is the magnificent dome that sits on top. Having been inspired by the Vatican's St Peter's Basilica, Christopher Wren replaced the cathedral's former tower with what is today regarded as one of London's most recognisable landmarks. As you climb towards the dome, 527 spiral steps in total, and take in the breathtaking views of London, the genius of Sir Christopher Wren comes to the fore. There is a touching monument to Wren in the crypt below the cathedral, as well as a memorial to around 300 historic figures from Britain's past, including Horatio Nelson and the Duke of Wellington.

Insider Tips

For access to areas of the cathedral, usually inaccessible to the public, you'll need to join a tour. This can be via a guided tour, or a self-guided tour with audio. The guided tour is probably the best to take in all that the cathedral has to offer, as the tour guides are full of little nuggets of info that may otherwise be missed.

Practical information

Please note, photography of any kind is not allowed inside St Paul's Cathedral. Much of the cathedral is easily accessible by all, but the dome can only be reached via its 527 spiral steps and is not suitable for those with mobility issues, or those with a fear of heights and confined spaces.

Opening Hours

On Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, St Paul's Cathedral is open for sightseeing from 8.30am to 4:30pm, and on Wednesday from 10.00am to 4pm — on Sunday, the cathedral is open for worship only.

Admission fee

Prices of a ticket to tour St Paul's Cathedral range from £20.50 for an adult to £9 for a child.

Entrance is free if you are attending a a service at the church, but all areas, away from the pews, are restricted.

5 The Cliffs of Moher

Top Attraction
Bring your Camera
See it on our Tours

The Cliffs of Moher are one of the most popular and frequently most-hyped attractions on any of our Ireland tours, and the views will not disappoint. Rising to a height of 702ft (214m) high and 9 miles (14km) long, these sheer vertical cliffs hold a steady, undulating line against the tireless advance of the Atlantic below. A better view of the sea and setting sun on any Ireland tour you will not find.

The Cliffs of Moher - as seen on our tours of Ireland
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Another thing you will not find is the visitor centre; at least, until you get close, you won't find it. Designed very cleverly to blend into the local landscape, this extensive attraction is all but invisible as you approach the cliffs themselves. Inside, it is large, modern and informative.

You can also climb the O'Brien's Tower, a 19th century lookout tower with a viewing platform. Please note that entrance to the tower is limited each day. To get different perspective of the Cliffs and maybe even the best views in good weather conditions, you can visit the Cliffs by boat.

Insider Tips

To get the most out of this incredible experience, wrap up warm and allow enough time for a good walk about on the clifftops. Turn right and head toward O'Brien's Tower, then continue along the Burren Way footpath for one mile to reach the Viewing Point. From here, you will get some of the best angles for your photographs, but be warned that you will have competition from many other happy snappers.

Practical information

Information leaflets and site map are available in 14 languages in the visitor centre. If you would like to have a picnic at the Cliffs of Moher, then you can pre-order a picnic box by emailing the Café manager.

OPENING HOURS

Opening hours in November to January are 09:00 to 17:00.

Opening hours in March, April, September and October are 08:00 to 19:00.

Opening hours in May to August are 08:00 to 21:00.

Admission fee

Your admission ticket covers all attraction, such as the visitor Centre and O'Brien's Tower. Prices are cheaper if you book them online for off peak hours. You can find all the prices on their website.

6 Bru na Boinne - Newgrange

History & Culture
Great Outdoors

A thousand years older than Stonehenge, Bru na Boinne is a huge Neolithic necropolis, built to house the bodies of the social elites who ruled this region of ancient Ireland. Covering a large area, Bru na Boinne is perhaps best known for three main sites - Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth (Dowth is closed to tourists). A must-see on any Ireland Tour. As well as being older than Stonehenge, Newgrange is also older than the Egyptian Pyramids. It is made up of roughly 200,000 tonnes of rock and other materials. At its widest point, it reaches 279 feet. Built between 3200 and 3100 BC, the majority of the 547 slabs that form the inner passage are thought to have come from sites 5 km away and some coming as far as 20 km away.

Newgrange, Co. Meath
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Archaeologists believe that Newgrange would have taken the local Neolithic people a minimum of 30 years to finish. The original purpose of the structure is not clear. Some believe that it was used for burial purposes while others believe that it was used solely as a place of worship. Another theory is that, as the Neolithic people were sun worshippers, and the sun's rays are perfectly captured through the passageway on the shortest day of the year (the Winter Solstice), Newgrange was built as a way of paying homage to the sun.

The exhibition at the Bru na Boinne Visitor Centre tells the history of Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth. You will find a full-scale replica of the chamber of Newgrange here and a full model of a smaller tomb at Knowth. The visitor centre has recently received a major update.

Insider Tips

Be warned that tours of Newgrange and Knowth are limited to 750 places per day, while Bru na Boinne as a whole attracts nearly three times this number during peak season. Arrive early or visit midweek. There is an online booking system for groups with 14 or fewer people.

You can enter a free lottery to win a chance to witness the sunrise on winter solstice between December 18 and 23 by filling out a form at the visitor centre.

Practical information

All visits to Newgrange and Knowth start at the Bru na Boinne visitor centre, where a shuttle-bus service will collect you and take you to the most important sites. The world heritage site is about a 45-minute drive from Dublin. We recommend you to allow plenty of time for a visit to the visitor centre (1 hour) and Newgrange (2 hours). The monuments themselves are outdoors, so be sure to check the weather and dress appropriately.

Opening hours

To find out more details regarding the opening hours please have a look at their website.

Admission fee

A visit to the visitor centre combined with a tour of the Newgrange Chamber will cost €18 per adult, €12 for children up to 17 and children under 12 go free. Tickets for seniors are €16 and a family ticket (2 children & 2 adults) is €48.

Daytrip from Dublin

Organised day tours to Newgrange, Hill of Tara and Knowth are available departing from Dublin in the morning and returning to Dublin in the late afternoon. Booking Mary Gibbons Tour will let you skip the line and guarantee access to the monuments of Newgrange and Knowth. A seat on the bus will cost €45 per adult.

7 Hadrian's Wall

Top Attraction
History & Culture

Needing to lay down a marker of where the Roman Empire ended and the wild unknown began, Emperor Hadrian began work on his bricked namesake in 122 AD. Hadrian's Wall today is a ruin of ancient temples and crumbling forts stretching 73 modern miles across England from the coast of the Irish Sea in the west to the coast of the North Sea in the east. Contrary to popular belief Hadrian's Wall does not act as a border line of England and Scotland, as Scotland is a further 65 miles north of the wall. The wall was awarded Unesco World Heritage Status in 1987.

Hadrian's Wall, England
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Some of the best-preserved features of Hadrian's Wall include Chesters Roman Fort, a Roman cavalry fort designed to protect a bridge crossing at River North Tyne. Heading to the west you can see what is possibly the first non-Roman structure built along the wall, Hexham Abbey was built during the 7-century incorporating stones originally brought to the area by the Romans for building their forts. And, further to the west again is Homesteads' Latrines, an amazingly complex and well-preserved communal toilet once used by Roman soldiers.

Insider Tips

As you wander along Hadrian's Wall, you may find some very enthusiastic and helpful guides along the way, at some of the more popular spots. They will appreciate and answer, to the best of their ability, any questions you may have about the area.

8 Durham Cathedral

History & Culture
Religion & Spirituality

While the northeast of England is relatively sparse when it comes to notable landmarks, one has stood out since 1093 — Durham Cathedral. The area's other landmark of note, the Angel of the North, wasn't erected until 1998. Durham Cathedral is located a 25-minute train ride from Newcastle City, and is seen today as one of the world's most beautiful examples of Romanesque Anglo-Norman Architecture. Durham Cathedral was the first English Cathedral to be added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list.

Durham Cathedral, England
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Within the cathedral, you'll get to see the exquisite stone Neville Screen, the final resting places of St Cuthbert and St Bede, the western and central towers as well as take in some of the most breathtaking views of County Durham. The one-hour tour of the cathedral is hosted by one of the expert volunteer guides, and they'll give you the full 1,000 history of the building, as well as take you on an exploration throughout it.

Insider Tips

If Durham Cathedral is on your list, but it's not one that your kids are crying out to see, you can let them know that parts of the cathedral were used in the filming of the first Harry Potter film (the Philosopher's Stone). Please note, that this will only work if your kids are of a certain age and/or Harry Potter fans.

Practical information

As much of the tour takes place in the cathedral's western and central towers, which involves climbing some very steep and winding stairways, it is not suitable for visitors who have mobility issues.

Opening Hours

From Monday to Saturday, Durham Cathedral is open from 10.00am to 4pm, and on Sundays from noon to 4pm.

Admission fee

Admission to Durham Cathedral is free. Prices for Durham Cathedral's guided tour are £7.50 for an adult and free for those under 18.

9 Titanic Belfast

Top Attraction
See it on our Tours

The angular edifice which houses The Titanic Experience is so evocative of the transformation which Belfast has undergone in recent years that it has become almost as iconic as the ill-fated ship to whose short history this attraction is dedicated.

Titanic Belfast - as seen on our tours of Northern Ireland
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An extensive multimedia tribute to the world's most famous ocean liner, The Titanic Experience is located at the top of the slipway from which the ship made its first and only descent into the Belfast Lough and the waters of the Irish Sea beyond. Opened in 2012 for the centenary of the ship's launch and tragic demise, the museum has rapidly become Ulster's most visited tourist destination, outstripping even The Giant's Causeway.

Cleverly put together, the attraction encapsulates more than simply the scale of the ship, more even than the scale of the disaster which befell it; drawing on all the sights, sounds and smells of the age, the museum recreates all facets of this most fascinating period of history, bringing to life the experiences not only of the passengers but also of the ship workers who realized this vision of early twentieth century engineering.

Insider Tips

While you are encouraged to take the tour of Titanic Belfast at your own pace, it is common for people to feel a bit rushed by the end. THis is mainly due to the fascinating opening section of the tour which outlines the history of Belfast City during the time the Titanic was built. Some of the best bits, like the "Shipyard Ride" and the light shows, are located towards the end of the tour.

Practical information

Tours typically last between 1.5 and 2.5 hours. You can access the Titanic Belfast in its entirety via wheelchair, with ramps and elevators located throughout. Assistance dogs are welcome and staff members are available to aid anyone with any special assistance.

Opening Hours

Titanic Belfast is open daily from 9.00am to 6pm, with final entry at 4.20pm

Admission fee

Titanic Belfast ticket prices range from £24.95 for adults and £11 for children.

10 The Battle of The Boyne Co. Meath, Ireland

Great for Returners
History & Culture

Fought in 1690 between two rival claimants of the English, Scottish, and Irish thrones, Catholic King James II and protestant King William III of Orange, the Battle of The Boyne would shore up the growing strength of Protestantism in Ireland, precipitating James's swift departure for safety in France.

Boyne, County Meath
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The battle itself was fought on a stretch of land between the counties of Meath and Louth which now belongs to the Oldbridge Estate Farm. On-site, there is a visitor centre with a short show, original and replica weapons, and a battlefield model. There is also a tea pavilion to which the battle-weary can retreat for hot drinks and cakes.

For information about great driving routes in this area, look up www.boynevalleyroute.com - a really useful resource for those considering a self-drive tour of East Ireland.

Insider Tips

Stop at Oldbridge House to pick up a map of the grounds. The gardens are free to visit, but there is a charge to see the house/museum (approx. €5 per adult).

Practical information

The battle site is located about 6 km to the west of Drogheda. You will find a visitor centre and parkland walks at the battle site. At the visitor centre, housed in the 18th century Oldbridge House, you can watch an audiovisual film, explore a laser battle site model and find real and replica weaponry.

Opening hours

The visitor centre is open daily from May to September from 10:00 to 16:30. And in October to April from 9:00 to 16:00.

The exit gate of the car park closes at 19:00 sharp.

Admission fee

An adult ticket will cost €5, a ticket for a child/student €3 (children under 12 are free) and a ticket for a senior will cost €4.

11 Tower Bridge

Top Attraction
History & Culture

First built during the 1880s, as a much-needed crossing point in East London, Tower Bridge has gone on to become one of the city's most popular landmarks. Using materials from across Britain, including stone from Portland, steel from Glasgow and granite from Cornwall, the two iconic Gothic towers were first erected in 1894 — and were originally a chocolate-brown colour. The ground-breaking feature of the tower was the steam-powered roadway raising. Taking only three minutes to raise, and allowing ships to pass between the two towers, it was a modern marvel of engineering for its time.

Tower Bridge, London
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Today, the bridge is raised via electricity and rises 800 times a year, on average. While the outside views of the bridge are why people are drawn to the attraction, the interior today is also worth a visit. Featuring a 36-foot-glass walkway of the Tower Bridge Exhibition, located 137 feet above the River Thames, as well as an audio-visual guide taking you through the bridge's construction and history.

Insider Tips

On the glass walkway, within the bridge, is where you'll get the best views of the bridge being raised (10 times a day during the summer months).

Practical information

Today, it only takes 86 seconds to raise the bridge and it's a fantastic sight both inside and outside. For those with mobility issues, Tower Bridge is fully accessible, and there is lift access to all levels.

Opening Hours

Tower Bridge is open daily from 9.30am to 6pm.

Admission fee

Prices of a ticket to Tower Bridge range from £12.30 for an adult to £6.20 for a child.

12 Skellig Michael

Top Attraction
History & Culture

Skellig Michael, also known as Great Skellig, is a rocky outcrop island located 11.6 km to the west of the Iveragh Peninsula in Country Kerry. Sceilig Bheag (Little Skellig), its twin island is small and completely inaccessible. Skellig Michael is a world heritage site and was used as a monastic settlement by monks in the 7th century. Hollywood came calling to the island in 2014 when Episode VII of the Star Wars franchise chose it as a location for its final scene. The location was chosen for its otherworldly appearance thanks to its unique combination of Old Red Sandstone and compressed slate.

Skellig Michael, County Kerry
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To visit Skellig Michael you will have to book a landing tour with one of the boat operators. We advise to book your tour well in advance as only 180 people are allowed to access the island each day. The landing tours are subject to weather conditions and can be cancelled if they are bad. The boat trip normally takes around an hour and the visit to Skellig Michael approximately 2,5 hours. Most boat tours leave from Portmagee pier and are available from May to the beginning of October.

Insider Tips

Visitors to Skellig Michael should be prepared for what is a very tough ascent to the summit. The stone steps can be dangerous when wet and there are no handrails. This ascent is only advisable for people free of any mobility issues.

13 Blarney Castle Co. Cork, Ireland

Top Attraction
History & Culture
See it on our Tours

Situated five miles north-west of Cork city, Blarney Castle is a solid fixture on almost any tour of Ireland itinerary. It is best known for the famous "Blarney Stone" which visitors are encouraged to kiss, in accordance with a tradition that spans the centuries. Those who kiss the Blarney Stone are said to magically receive the "gift of the gab", — or as we call it in Ireland... a load of old Blarney.

Built over 600 years ago by Cormac MacCarthy, one of Ireland's greatest chieftains, Blarney Castle has attracted millions of visitors who continue to flock here hoping to be gifted with the power of persuasive and elegant speech. Visitors can now explore the castle's stunning gardens and interior, including the winding staircase and dungeons.

Blarney Castle, County Cork - as seen on our tours of Ireland
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During the mid-17th century Irish Confederate Wars, the castle was besieged by British forces led by Oliver Cromwell's commander, Lord Broghill. It was eventually captured after heavy bombardment, resulting in its partial destruction.

While not the largest or most imposing of Irish castles, Blarney Castle has a certain charm and elegance that's hard to forget. You can also look inside the adjacent Blarney House, a stately mansion built during the 18th century and the nearby Blarney Woollen Mills, an Irish heritage shop famous for its wool garments and a fantastic café!

Insider Tips

The spiral steps to the famous Blarney Stone can feel very narrow at peak times. Those with limited mobility should proceed slowly and carefully, however many people may be waiting behind.

Buy your tickets online to get an online discount.

Practical information

You will find Blarney Castle 8 km from Cork City in Blarney Village. We recommend spending 3 hours exploring the castle and garden as well as the caves, lake walk, fern garden and arboretum. Maps are available at the ticket office in several languages. Audio guides in English are also available.

Opening hours

The opening hours for Blarney Castle and Gardens every day in May through September are 9am to 6pm. Opening hours are shortened from January to May. The opening hours can change according to weather conditions. Find out more about the opening hours.

Admission fee

A ticket for Blarney Castle costs €22 for adults, and €10 for children aged between 6 and 16. Students' and seniors' tickets cost €17.

14 Shakespeare's Birthplace

Top Attraction
History & Culture
See it on our Tours

Stratford-upon-Avon, a charming town in the West Midlands, boasts Tudor-style homes and a picturesque winding river. But, its real claim to fame is being the hometown of the legendary playwright William Shakespeare. Born in 1564 and raised on Henley Street in Stratford, along with his seven siblings. After his father John's passing in 1601, William inherited the family home. He later turned it into an inn called the Swan and Maidenhead, an establishment that endured until 1847.

While the exact date of Shakespeare's departure from Stratford-upon-Avon remains uncertain, historical records indicate his presence in London during the 'lost years' from 1585 to 1592. He eventually returned to his hometown in 1611. On April 23 of that year, also believed to be the date of his birthday, Shakespeare passed away at the age of 52.

Shakespeare's Birthplace, Stratford-upon-Avon, England
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Today, you can walk through the impeccably maintained house where Shakespeare was born and raised. See his father's glove-making workshop, the family's kitchen table, and the bedroom where a young William shared a small bed with his three brothers, as well as many other carefully preserved artefacts. You are greeted in each room by an enthusiastic volunteer (dressed in period clothes) who will give you a detailed breakdown of its contents and history. Outside the house, there is a sculpture garden, a cottage garden, and orchards. There is also a miniature stage, where you can see actors showcasing some of the Bard's most famous works.

If you'd like to explore Stratford-upon-Avon on foot, take a look at our Stratford City Walking Tour page.

Insider Tips

The real treats in Shakespeare's Birthplace are somewhat hidden. There are the signatures sketched on the windows, a Tudor tradition performed by visitors to a house, including Sir Walter Scott's and Charles Dickens'. The more you chat with the volunteers, the more secret nuggets they'll divulge! For those looking to research Shakespeare's life and works further, there is a comprehensive book/gift shop alongside the garden.

Practical information

Shakespeare's Birthplace is a hugely popular destination for school tours, and tourists in general. As the house is relatively small and many of its doorways narrow, you can expect it to take about 30 to 40 minutes to walk through — longer if you'd like to stop and chat with the volunteers. There are several steep and narrow staircases within the house, and they may not be suitable for those with mobility issues.

Opening Hours

Shakespeare's Birthplace is open daily from 9.30am to 6pm — with the last entry at 3:30pm.

Admission fee

Prices of a ticket to Shakespeare's Birthplace range from £20.00 for an adult to £10.00 for a child. Entry for children under 3 is free.

15 Royal Observatory Greenwich

Good for Families
History & Culture

During the infancy of marine navigation, of which Britain was at the forefront, there became a greater need to record such things as accuracy and timekeeping, as well as the measurement of longitude. In 1674, King Charles II set up a Royal Commission to maximize Britain's seafaring potential. One of the people involved was Sir Christopher Wren, architect of St Paul's Cathedral and renowned astronomer, who brought forward the idea of creating an observatory. On the same day that Wren decided on Greenwich as the home for the observatory, King Charles II appointed John Flamsteed as its first 'Astronomer Royal'.

Royal Observatory Greenwich, England
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Using recycled material, the observatory, often called Flamsteed House, was built by Flamsteed and his two servants at the site of the ruined Greenwich Castle for a total cost of £520.45. Over the next 42 years, as the Astronomer Royal, Flamsteed oversaw the development of the observatory, to house ongoing extensions and ever more sophisticated instruments. During his tenure, Flamsteed took over 50,000 observations of the moon and stars.

Today, the main attraction of the Royal Observatory Greenwich remains Flamsteed House. This is the redbrick building, with its distinctive red ball that slides up and down the weather vane. The ball is set to the top at 12:55pm each day and is dropped at exactly 1pm. This allows vessels on the Thames to coordinate their chronometers — A device used to measure time, developed to maintain accuracy despite movement or changes in temperature.

Insider Tips

The Prime Meridian Line can be found at the Meridian Courtyard of Flamsteed House. It is the line of longitude that separates the eastern and western hemispheres. Interestingly, standing on this line means that you can be in both hemispheres at once! It's always a popular spot for photos.

Practical information

The Royal Observatory is wheelchair accessible, with accessible restrooms and parking nearby. It is fre to roam around all outdoor areas of the observatory, and you'll also find a gift shop and a restaurant serving light meals and refreshments.

As well as Flamsteed House, visitors will be able to explore the Astronomy Galleries, the Planetarium and the Meridian Telescope — a 28-inch telescope used for astronomical research in the 19th century. There is also a multitude of exhibitions and displays through the observatory, as well as a detailed history of British astronomy, navigation and science.

Opening Hours

The Royal Observatory Greenwich is open daily from 10.00am to 5pm.

Admission fee

Tickets to the Royal Observatory Greenwich range from £20 for an adult to £10 for a child.

16 Tower of London London, England

Top Attraction
History & Culture

Located on the northern banks of the River Thames, The Tower of London is home to some fascinating, and chilling, stories of England. Throughout its time, it has been a royal palace, treasury, mint, armoury, and even a zoo, the Tower is perhaps most renowned for its role as a notorious prison, where monarchs and nobles, including Henry VIII's ill-fated wives, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, met their tragic ends.

Tower of London
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The main attraction here is the Crown Jewels, featuring the world's largest diamonds, and protected by their live-in guards the Yeomen Warders, more commonly known as Beefeaters. The Tower is also home to a somewhat more important resident, a flock of ravens. It is said, that should ravens no longer live within the grounds, the British Kingdom will crumble. To avoid such a fate, there are spare ravens kept in the aviary — with their wing feathers clipped to make doubly sure!

You are free to wander through the tower however you please. But, you can also be guided by one of the Beefeater guards, which is included in the admission fee. This is a more rewarding experience, especially if it's your first visit. They have all the tower knowledge you need, and make sure you get to see its highlights.

Insider Tips

A particular, if somewhat grim, highlight within the grounds is seeing the ravens at feeding time. They are given raw meat and blood-soaked biscuits daily. You can ask the Beefeater guards when the next snack time is if you fancy sneaking a peek!

Practical information

As the Tower of London is a popular attraction all year round, the best way to avoid the queues is to order your ticket online, try to get there first thing in the morning and avoid weekends!

Opening Hours

On Mondays and Sundays, The Tower of London is open from 10.00am to 4:30pm — with the last entry at 3:30pm.

On Tuesday to Saturday, The Tower of London is open from 9.00am to 4:30pm — with the last entry at 3:30pm.

Please note, opening hours may vary during school holidays.

Admission fee

Prices of a ticket to The Tower of London range from £33.60 for an adult to £16.80 for a child. Entry for children under 5 is free.

17 Culloden Battlefield Inverness, Scotland

History & Culture
See it on our Tours

Culloden Battlefield, near the Scottish city of Inverness, marks the location of the last pitched battle ever fought on British Soil — the Battle of Culloden on April 16, 1746. The battle was the climax of the Jacobite Rising of 1745, in which Charles Edward Stuart, better known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, looked to overthrow the British government and return the House of Stuart to the throne. This uprising was met at Culloden by the larger and better-equipped British government forces. Bonnie Prince Charlie's men consisted mainly of Highland clansmen, and in the end, proved no match for their opponents.

Culloden Battlefield in the Scottish Highlands
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The Battle of Culloden lasted a mere hour or so, but the ramifications to the Scottish society, politics, and lifestyle were immense. Highland culture was changed forever, with the British government imposing laws forbidding traditional Highland dress and suppressing the Gaelic way of life.

The view of the battlefield from the visitor centre is striking, a vast blend of moorland and marshland that seems to spread endlessly in all directions. Today, Culloden Battlefield is open all year round to visitors and is maintained by the National Trust for Scotland.

Insider Tips

Both the battlefield itself and the visitor centre are great for photography. But, as a courtesy, ask the staff at reception if there are any areas where photos are prohibited. There is a 3D audiovisual re-enactment of the battle, which is particularly impressive, as well as a hands-on presentation of how traditional Highland kilts were folded and worn.

Practical information

The visitor centre and the majority of the battlefield are accessible to those with mobility issues and wheelchair users. Within the visitor centre, there's a café and a gift shop selling items focused on the Battle of Culloden and general Scottish history. Guided walks of the battlefield are also available.

Opening hours

Culloden Battlefield visitor centre is open from 9am to 4pm daily.

Admission fee

Ticket prices range from £14 for an adult to £25 for a family ticket.

18 Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement

History & Culture
Great Outdoors

Located on the Shetland Islands, off the northern coast of Scotland, Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement is a prehistoric archaeological site, and has been called "one of the most remarkable archaeological sites ever excavated in the British Isles". Items found on the location include remains dating from as far back as 2500 BC. Several small oval houses date back to the Bronze Age, and the remains of structures from the Iron Age, include round towers and defensive walls. You'll also find artefacts from the Pictish, Viking, and Norse periods.

Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement, Shetland Islands, Scotland
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One of the newest additions to Jarlshof is the Old House of Samburgh. Originally used as a medieval stone farmhouse, it was later transformed into a fortified residence during the 16th century — when Scotland took possession of the Shetland Islands. Sir Walter Scott, the renowned Scottish novelist and poet, used the Old House of Sumburgh as a setting for part of his 1821 novel The Pirate.

Insider Tips

Even though the Shetland Islands are classed as a part of Scotland, they lie 12–13 hours on a ferry to the north. Aberdeen and Kirkwall are the ferry ports that connect with Shetland. This can be a challenging journey and may not be suitable for all family members. Scotland's major airports, including Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Inverness, all have direct flights to the Shetland Islands and take an average of 90 minutes.

Practical information

As well as being an important archaeological site, Jarlshof is a tranquil coastal setting. As it's located on the northern edge of Scotland, it may not be suitable for all visitors during the wetter and colder months of the year. Parts of the Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement can be narrow and uneven, and may not be suitable for those with mobility issues.

Opening hours

Open Monday to Saturday from 9am to 5:30pm & Sunday from 9am to 5pm.

Admission fee

Tickets to Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement range from
£7.50 for an adult and £4.50 for a child.